| KCET Studios | |
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| L.A. Historic-Cultural Monument #198 | |
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Administration building erected by Charles Ray in 1922
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| Location: | 4376 Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood, Los Angeles, California |
| Built/Founded: | 1912[1] |
| Designated as LAHCM: | 1978[2] |
| Governing body: | private |
The KCET Studios, located at 4376 Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, is the longest continuously-producing studio in Hollywood.[3] Since its establishment in 1912,[1] the studios located at the site have been the home of motion picture producers including Lubin, Essanay, Willis and Inglis, J.D. Hampton, Charles Ray, Ralph Like, Monogram Pictures, Allied Artists, and ColorVision. Since 1970 it has been the home of public television station KCET, but in April 2011 KCET announced that it had sold the facility to the Church of Scientology.[4]
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In 1912, Siegmund Lubin, a film producer from Philadelphia, built the first film studio on the site of what is now KCET Studios. Lubin's company, called Lubin Manufacturing Company, produced educational films at the site, including "An Alligator Farm" (1912) and "An Ostrich and Pigeon Farm."[5] In 1913, Lubin sold the studio to the Chicago-based Essanay Film Company. Essanay produced 20 one-reel Westerns before selling the site to the Kalem Company.[5] Kalem began operating at the lot in late 1913, and Marshall Neilan began working at the site in the Spring of 1914. The "Ham and Bud" comedy series was shot there from late 1914 through February 1917. At that time, Kalem relocated to Glendale and abandoned the Fleming Street studios.[5] In 1917, Willis and Inglis acquired the studio and rented space for use by independent producers. Wallis and Inglis build a 65-foot (20 m) by 11-foot (3.4 m) outdoor stage and a 50-foot (15 m) by 100-foot (30 m) indoor stage. During this time, The Marine Film Corporation filmed "Lorelei of the Sea" at the studios, and comedienne Fay Tincher made a series of two-reel comedies there.[5]
In August 1918, Jesse D. Hampton began renting space from Willis and Inglis. And in March 1919, Willis and Inglis built another station that became known as Hampton Studio. In April 1919, a trade magazine reported: "The entire frontage along Fleming Street, heretofore adorned by a blank wall, is now occupied with a long row of offices filled with workers and other functionaries necessary to the operation of the big place."[5] Hampton made more than 25 films at the site from 1918 to 1920.[5]
In 1920, actor Charles Ray purchased the studios and built many of the red brick buildings that still survive at the site. When Ray's new soundstage was completed, Moving Picture News called it "the last word in studio construction" and noted: "Perhaps the most striking feature of the studios is the glass enclosed stage, topped by a glass roof. The sides may be removed to permit openings when the shooting of street scenes is required . . . The placing of a tank beneath the stage was a unique arrangement . . . the installation of electrical equipment will insure a wealth of sunshine for daylight pictures as well as for night scenes."[5] Ray's soundstage remains in use as KCET's Studio A. In 1922, Ray also added a Spanish-style, red brick administration building (pictured in infobox above) that is still in use by KCET.[5]
With a budget of $800,000, Ray shot his epic, "The Courtship of Myles Standish," at the site.[6] The most famed extravagance created for the production was a life-size replica of the "Mayflower" and a pool of water with a mechanism to rock the ship back and forth.[5] The film was a flop at the box office, and by 1923, Charles Ray Productions was bankrupt.
After Charles Ray's production company went bankrupt, the Bank of Italy became the receiver for the property and rented studio space to independent producers. The bank changed the studio's address from 1425 Fleming Street to 4376 Sunset Boulevard and renamed it the Sunset Studio.[5] Actress Jean Navelle bought the studio from the bank in 1927, but her production company ceased operations in late 1929, and the studio was returned to the Bank of Italy.[5]
Ralph M. Like was an engineer who developed a system for recording sound on film. He leased space at the site as far back as 1926, and in 1932, he leased the entire studio for use by his company International Recording Engineers. Like built a new soundstage, the present Stage B, in 1932. In 1933, Like's mother bought the studio from the Bank of Italy.[5] Through the 1930s, many westerns were shot at the studio. In 1937, John Ford directed "Hurricane)" there.[6] The studio facilities were improved in the late 1930s and early 1940s, and adjoining land was acquired to build dock sets, a city street set, a third sound stage, and a costume department.[5]
Monogram Pictures began renting space at the studio in the late 1930s and bought the property from Like in 1943. Monogram Pictures was a small studio that made B-Movies. Monogram's features included film series featuring "Charlie Chan," the "East Side Kids," "The Bowery Boys," "Bomba, the Jungle Boy," "Joe Palooka," "The Range Busters," and "The Cisco Kid," and westerns featuring Tex Ritter.[1][7] Allied Artists followed Mongram at the site, where it produced both motion pictures and television programs in the 1950s and 1960s. The motion pictures filmed at the Sunset Boulevard studios during the Mongram and Allied Artists years include the following:
In 1964, financial difficulties forced Allied Artists to cease production activities and to become a film distribution company.[1] The company moved its operations to New York, and the studios were used mostly for production of television program and commercials from 1964 to 1967.[1][6] In 1967, ColorVision purchased the studio and continued to rent space for independent productions.[1] ColorVision itself went bankrupt in 1969.[1][7]
In July 1970, the 3.5-acre (14,000 m2) site was purchased by Los Angeles public television station KCET for $800,000.[7] In November 1971, KCET dedicated its renovated $3.2 million studio facilities. At the time, the studios were the largest in public television and were intended to be used as the West Coast production center for public television.[8] In 1975, KCET announced plans to build a new $1.5 million brick administration building on the site.[1] KCET has used the Sunset Boulevard studio facilities to create numerous productions, including Carl Sagan's acclaimed series "Cosmos", Steve Allen's "Meeting of Minds", "California's Gold", and "Visiting...with Huell Howser".
In 1979, while demonstrating a karate kick, a KCET employee kicked a hole in the wall. A maintenance manager assigned to repair the hole noticed an arched brick wall and column behind the wallboard. The wallboard was removed and uncovered the ornate exterior of a little theater built in the 1920s. The exterior, consisting of two brick facades and six columns, had been built in the silent era and was later covered with wallboard to improve the acoustics for screening sound pictures.[6]
In March 2011, the Los Angeles Times reported that KCET was in negotiations to sell the studio to the Church of Scientology.[9] ON April 25, 2011, KCET confirmed the sale, at an undisclosed price, and with an expectation that KCET would relocate to other production facilities in about one year. The Church of Scientology said that it expected to use the facilities to produce videos and internet content, and would use the its satellite uplink facilities for high definition video transmissions.[4][10]
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